skip to content
Writing

Writing

AI controls, agent systems, banking governance, production practice. 404 essays, newest first.

  1. AI Controls Architecture

    Risk teams know risk. The open problem is designing controls for systems that are non-deterministic, probabilistic, and attackable in natural language.

  2. Governing Agents the Way Cells Govern Themselves

    Six cell biology mechanisms that reveal what the networking 'control plane' metaphor misses about governing AI agents.

  3. The Risk Without an Engineering Solution

    Every other agentic AI risk has an engineering answer. Prompt injection doesn't. That changes everything about how you design controls.

2026
  1. Growing Up

    The LLM isn't dark matter. It isn't borrowed. It's a brain. The organism just needs to grow up.

  2. The Borrowed Brain

    The LLM isn't dark matter. Biology invented general-purpose reasoning. It's called a brain. We're just borrowing one.

  3. The Dark Matter of the Cell

    Everything in my AI system maps to cell biology. Except the LLM. That's the point.

  4. Naming the Unnameable

    I tried to give LLMs a biological name. Every name broke. The failure was the finding.

  5. There Is No LLM in a Cell

    Cells run thousands of simultaneous reactions without general-purpose reasoning. Shape is enough.

  6. Tools Are Instruments, Skills Are Recipes

    The tool/skill/agent distinction isn't just compression ratio — tools are instruments, skills compose them with judgment. Same thing only at the leaf.

  7. The Boundary Is an Assessment

    The tool/skill distinction isn't a property of the capability. It's a property of the context it operates in.

  8. The Test Before the Output

    The line between tool and skill is whether you can write the test before seeing the result.

  9. Judgment Is a Moving Boundary

    The line between tool and skill isn't a property of the task. It's a property of how well you understand the task.

  10. Skills Should Die

    Every AI skill should be trying to make itself unnecessary. The ones that survive are the ones that haven't been understood yet.

  11. The LLM Is the Tool

    When the transformation is predictable, the LLM is just a runtime. A cheaper, more flexible runtime than custom code.

  12. Workflows, Not Containers

    AI coding tools give you boxes to put things in. Biology suggests you should be thinking about how things flow instead.

  13. Naming Is a Design Review

    Every biological name is a testable hypothesis about what your system should do.

  14. Bridge or Seed

    Every skill you build is one of two things. Knowing which changes what you build next.

  15. Your Variable Names Should Be a Toy

    INTERFACE_ONLY is a label. MEMBRANE_EMBEDDED is a toy — it makes you think about WHY those names can't be swapped. The best variable names don't just describe what something is. They make you think about what it does.

  16. Name Your System After Biology, Then Rename It

    Force your software's vocabulary into a biological framework. The gaps between the mapping and your system are design questions you'd never otherwise ask. Then switch to a different framework and ask different questions.

  17. The Organism Has a Cortex

    Biological metaphors in AI systems break at the autonomic-deliberate boundary. The fix isn't dropping biology — it's getting the neurology right.

  18. The Model IS the Architecture

    How biological modelling determines system structure — not just naming, but what you build and what it can become.

  19. Deterministic Over Judgment

    Why the future of agentic trust depends on liquidating prompt-first reasoning for a metabolic core.

  20. Metabolism of the Real World

    Language doesn't describe metabolism. Language is metabolism — of meaning, between minds.

  21. The Constitution Eats Itself

    Design for the failure modes of your medium, not the capabilities. Then watch the rules dissolve themselves into programs.

  22. Choosing a Steam Iron with Vertical Steam

    A practical guide to picking a steam iron that handles shirts, steams hanging clothes, and doesn't weigh a ton. Cordless and corded options compared, with Hong Kong Consumer Council test data and current pricing.

  23. The Organism Theory

    Everything is organism. AI is the latest intensification.

  24. hygiene

    On the metabolic necessity of pruning agentic context to survive the entropic heat death of the credit balance.

  25. LLMs Are Enzymes

    Why we should stop treating AI as a chatbot and start treating it as a metabolic organism governed by credit scarcity.

  26. Conversation Is Metabolism

    When epistemic trust runs dry, generative synthesis regresses into mechanical synchronization and eventual structural dissolution.

  27. Everything Is Energy

    Tokens are energy. Text is mass. The context window is the budget. The rest is plumbing.

  28. Taste Is the Metabolism

    Tool descriptions were just the first thing to evolve. Everything in an agent's context window is a genome under selection pressure — and taste decides what counts.

  29. The Semantic Consumer

    Traditional computing has two consumers: humans who look and programs that parse. LLMs are a third kind — they read.

  30. The Missing Metabolism

    We build agent tools the way medieval farmers bred crops — by hand, by instinct, one season at a time. There's a better loop.